Mechanism of Photo electric effect

Photoelectric effect

External Photoelectric effect

In an external photoelectric effect, electrons are liberated from the surface of a metallic conductor by absorbing energy from light shining on the metal’s surface. In this case, the binding energy of photoelectrons (electrons that are liberated in the photoelectric effect) to the metal surface will be always lower than the energy of the incident photons that causes the photoelectric effect. The kinetic energy of a photoelectron is depended on the energy (frequency) of the incident photon.

When energetic photons fall on the low binding energy electrons in the metal surface, they will oscillate with the frequency of incident photons. This oscillation causes, the oscillating electrons induce its oscillations to the elastic-outer shells of nearby atoms that in the metal surface. This induced oscillations of outer shells of the atoms cause, it to expel (kick) the free electrons from their surface.

The kinetic energy of a photoelectron will increase with the increasing of the frequency of incident photon. That is, as the ejection of photoelectrons are purely because of the elasticity of outer shells of atoms that in the metal surface, as the energy of incident photons increase, the outer shells of atoms kick the electrons with more kinetic energy.

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