SPACE INSIDE OF ATOM IS NOT EMPTY !!

The space inside of atom is not empty as current belief in the scientific world, but filled with space matter. The distance between nuclear particles ('particle' in the case of protium - one isotope of hydrogen) and the surrounding space matter in an atom is sufficiently close for transmitting the

strong force (it is noted that, the strong force has only a range of 10^-15m). This strong force that exerted by nuclear particles on the surrounding space matter causes, it form a denser region of space matter, that covers the nucleus. This space matter in atoms is the cause of many of the phenomena that generated by matter in the atomic world.

	Current belief	New model
Electrons in an atom	Electron clouds, matter waves, standing waves, wave particle duality and uncertainty principle.	In an isolated, non-radioactive atom, electrons have no any motions.
What is light	Electromagnetic wave theory. Light is an electro-magnetic phenomenon. Changing electric field induce magnetic field and changing magnetic field induce electric field. Light is propagated by the perpendicular oscillation of electric and magnetic fields.	"Light is the modulation of waves on magnetic lines. i.e. Light is oscillating magnetic lines". Electric field will be created in the below stated circumstances. a) A charged particle (negative/positive) can create an electric field around that particle. b) An oscillating magnetic field can create an oscillating electric field within a conductor. Magnetic field will be created when charged particles are aligned in a single mode in a material. In essence, oscillation of one field in space creates no other field.
Light emitted by atoms	Photon is emitted when an electron jumps from a high energy level to a low energy level in an atom. That is, when an electron jumps from an outer orbit to an inner orbit.	Photons are emitted when the electrons are oscillate in their shells (electron shells or transitory shells). Also, there is a 90* angle between oscillations and light emissions.
Jumping of electrons	When an electron absorbs a photon, it will jump from a low energy level to a high energy level.	When an electron oscillates in its shell (electron shell or transitory shell), for every oscillations towards the direction of the nucleus, the high-density space matter in the inner region of the atom expels the electron to a low-density outer region.

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Preface

An electron can exhibit wave nature when it is situated in the following circumstances. a) In a background from radio waves to gamma rays. b) In a varying electric or magnetic field. c) When an electron is accelerated [for example, when an electron is accelerated by electric field or magnetic field (attraction or repulsion), accelerated by a radioactive nucleus (beta ray)].

We know that, in an isolated- non-radioactive atom, there are two types of forces acting on its electrons. They are, attraction from the nucleus and repulsion between electrons (in hydrogen atom, attraction from the nucleus only). But, these forces alone cannot create constant motion in electrons and so there is no any wave nature for electrons. Since there is no motion, there must be an additional force acting, which prevents the electrons from falling into the nucleus.

Volume of atoms and elastic nature of atoms [for example, 1. gas atoms move randomly in high speed and bounce back when they collide with other atoms or its container, 2. the capacity of a material to store thermal energy (oscillation and collision between atoms)] indicate that the nucleus of an atom is surrounded by a form of elastic matter. I name this matter as ‘space matter’. So the ‘additional force’ mentioned is the buoyant force exhibited by space matter that prevents the innermost electrons of an atom from falling into the nucleus. For the electrons other than one nearest to the nucleus, repulsion with the electrons in the inner region as well as the buoyant force exerted by space matter, keep the electrons in an atom in its respective positions.

Main points discussed in this book

1) The space inside of an atom is not empty, but filled with space matter.

2) Electron (charged particle) has electric field and magnetic field in right angle regardless of any kind of its motions.

3) Wave nature of particles is not the property belong them, but it depends on the energy background that the particle exist.

4) In non-excited state, electrons in an atom have no any motions.

5) The magnetic field created by a permanent magnet is caused by the alignment of motionless electrons.

6) Oscillation of one field (electric/magnetic) in space creates no other field.

7) Light is oscillating magnetic lines and light travels as transverse wave in magnetic lines.

8) Releasing of energy in a chemical or nuclear reaction is due to the releasing/expansion/explosion of space matter.

9) Only bond making reactions release energy and all bond breaking reactions absorb energy. This principle is applicable for both chemical and nuclear reactions.

Chapter 1

Structure of the atom

Experiments that led to believe the ‘wave nature’ of particles

A charged particle can be accelerated in different ways

Wave nature of electrons (particles)

No stationary waves

Natural frequency

There are three types of shells

How the space matter shells are formed?

Facts behind the natural frequencies for shells

State of electrons in an atom

Mode of oscillation of electrons in atoms

Cross sectional diagram of hydrogen atom

Structure of the electron, proton (charged particles) & neutron

Evidences for the right angle relationship between electric and magnetic field of charged particles

Electron configuration in hydrogen atom

Electron configuration in helium atom

Electron configuration in oxygen atom

How an atom emits light

Flow of electrons in a conductor and the resultant magnetic field

How oscillating electrons in a conductor creates radio wave

Wireless energy transfer

Magnetic resistance

Alignment of electrons in a magnetic domain and the creation of magnetic field

Curie point

Exploring the line spectrum of hydrogen

Elasticity of atoms and heat transfer

Chapter 2

Some important phenomenon in the atomic world

Zeeman effect

Absorption spectrum

Emission spectrum

Band spectra

Mechanism of reflection

Photoelectric effect

Thermionic emission

Compton effect

Pair production

Chapter 3

Chemical reactions and releasing of energy

Bond length and bond energy

Reaction between two hydrogen atoms with oxygen atom

Releasing of energy in a bond making reaction

Absorption of energy in a bond breaking reaction

Hydrogen molecule

Single bond nitrogen molecule

Triple bond nitrogen molecule

Mass defect

Chapter 4

Nuclear reactions and releasing of energy

Reactions between one proton and one neutron

Releasing of energy in the fusion process

Absorption of energy in the fission process

Calculation of releasing of energy

One misunderstanding about the nuclear fission reactions

Evidences for the releasing and detonation of space matter in nuclear reactions

Chapter 5

Space matter

Space matter wind

Properties of space matter

A method for detecting space matter

Diagrams of space matter detection and description

Chapter 6

What is light?

Electric field

Magnetic field

Magnetic line propagation: - How the magnetic line is propagated?

Light propagation: - How the light is propagated?

Why do radio waves bend and light rays are not?

Evidences for the OML theory of light

line_spectrum_of_hydrogen_atom chemical_reaction structure_of_an_atom Chemical_Energy what_is_light mechanism_of_light new_developments_in_theoretical_physics.pdf download_atom_model Nuclear_Energy electric_magnetic_field structure_of_the_space_matter absorption_spectrum_and_emission_spectrum nuclear_reaction atomic_shell what_is_heat radio_wave physics pair_production_annihilation star_light_bending image_gallery xether_wave xray natural_frequency_orbital_electron quantum_nature_of_radiation super_conductivity JosephGeorge electricfield calculation_chemical photoelectric_effect new_developments_in_theoretical_physics gravity refraction_in_transparent_medium electron_configuration endothermic_reactions time_dilation endothermic_nuclear_reaction contact magneticfield increasing_of_mass_of_a_fast_moving_body doppler_shift_of_star_light what_is_matter lensing_effect Joseph_George_articles orbital_electron_jumping explosion reason_emission_lines mass_lose_&_mass_gain_chemical_reactions oml_evidences reflection light_emission_heavy_atom overlapping what_is_energy loren's_contraction raman_effect emission_atoms space_matter calculation_nuclear_energy light_pressure endothermic_chemical_reaction detaching fission_by_high_energy_photon gamma_ray_radiation Elementary_particles history_of_development_my_theories exothermic_chemical_reaction interference ordinary_world polarization diffraction electron_holes nuclear_fusion_requires_great_energy_to_start compton_effect elasticity_shells shorter_life_free_neutron finding_natural_frequency_electron ionization_gas_atoms important_phenomenons color lines_spectrum_isotopes mass_lose_&_mass_gain_nuclear_reactions light_emission_hydrogen_atom radio_active_decay heat_transmission shells_properties charged_particles_light mass_lose_26_mass_gain_nuclear_reactions bremsstrahlung zeeman_effect lorens_contraction nuclear_decay bending_of_magnetic_lines Joseph George Technology ideas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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