SPACE INSIDE OF ATOM IS NOT EMPTY !!
The space inside of atom is not empty as current belief in the scientific world, but filled with space matter. The distance between nuclear particles ('particle' in the case of protium - one isotope of hydrogen) and the surrounding space matter in an atom is sufficiently close for transmitting the |
strong force (it is noted that, the
strong force has only a range of 10-15m). This strong force that
exerted by nuclear particles on the surrounding space matter causes,
it form a denser region of space matter, that covers the nucleus. This space
matter in atoms is the cause of many of the phenomena that generated by
matter in the atomic world.
| Current belief | New model | |
| Electrons in an atom | Electron clouds, matter waves, standing waves, wave particle duality and uncertainty principle. | In an isolated, non-radioactive atom, electrons have no any motions. |
| What is light | Electromagnetic
wave theory.
Light is an electro-magnetic phenomenon. Changing electric field induce magnetic field and changing magnetic field induce electric field. Light is propagated by the perpendicular oscillation of electric and magnetic fields. |
"Light
is the modulation of waves on magnetic lines. i.e. Light is oscillating
magnetic lines".
Electric
field will be created in the below stated circumstances. a) A charged particle (negative/positive) can create an electric
field around that particle. b) An oscillating magnetic field can create an oscillating electric field within a conductor. Magnetic field will be created when charged particles are aligned in a single mode in a material. In essence, oscillation of one field in space creates no other field. |
| Light emitted by atoms | Photon is emitted when an electron jumps from a high energy level to a low energy level in an atom. That is, when an electron jumps from an outer orbit to an inner orbit. | Photons are emitted when the electrons are oscillate in their shells (electron shells or transitory shells). Also, there is a 90* angle between oscillations and light emissions. |
| Jumping of electrons | When an electron absorbs a photon, it will jump from a low energy level to a high energy level. | When an electron oscillates in its shell (electron shell or transitory shell), for every oscillations towards the direction of the nucleus, the high-density space matter in the inner region of the atom expels the electron to a low-density outer region. |
Preface
An
electron can exhibit wave nature when it is situated in the following
circumstances. a) In a background from radio waves to gamma rays. b) In a
varying electric or magnetic field. c) When an electron is accelerated [for
example, when an electron is accelerated by electric field or magnetic field
(attraction or repulsion), accelerated by a radioactive nucleus (beta ray)].
We know that, in an isolated- non-radioactive atom, there are two types of
forces acting on its electrons. They are, attraction from the nucleus and
repulsion between electrons (in hydrogen atom, attraction from the nucleus
only). But, these forces alone cannot create constant motion in electrons and so
there is no any wave nature for electrons. Since there is no motion, there must
be an additional force acting, which prevents the electrons from falling into
the nucleus.
Volume of atoms and elastic nature of atoms [for example, 1. gas atoms move
randomly in high speed and bounce back when they collide with other atoms or its
container, 2. the capacity of a material to store thermal energy (oscillation
and collision between atoms)] indicate that the nucleus of an atom is surrounded
by a form of elastic matter. I name this matter as ‘space
matter’.
So the ‘additional
force’
mentioned is the buoyant force exhibited by space matter that prevents the
innermost electrons of an atom from falling into the nucleus. For the electrons
other than one nearest to the nucleus, repulsion with the electrons in the inner
region as well as the buoyant force exerted by space matter, keep the electrons
in an atom in its respective positions.
Main points discussed in this book
1) The space inside of an atom is not empty, but filled with space matter.
2) Electron (charged particle) has electric field and magnetic field in right angle regardless of any kind of its motions.
3) Wave nature of particles is not the property belong them, but it depends on the energy background that the particle exist.
4) In non-excited state, electrons in an atom have no any motions.
5) The magnetic field created by a permanent magnet is caused by the alignment of motionless electrons.
6) Oscillation of one field (electric/magnetic) in space creates no other field.
7) Light is oscillating magnetic lines and light travels as transverse wave in magnetic lines.
8) Releasing of energy in a chemical or nuclear reaction is due to the releasing/expansion/explosion of space matter.
9) Only bond making reactions release energy and all bond breaking reactions absorb energy. This principle is applicable for both chemical and nuclear reactions.
Chapter 1
Experiments that led
to believe the ‘wave
nature’ of particles
A charged particle
can be accelerated in different ways
Wave nature of
electrons (particles)
No stationary waves
Natural frequency
There are three types
of shells
How the space matter
shells are formed?
Facts behind the
natural frequencies for shells
State of electrons in
an atom
Mode of oscillation
of electrons in atoms
Cross sectional
diagram of hydrogen atom
Structure of the
electron, proton (charged particles) & neutron
Evidences for the
right angle relationship between electric and magnetic field of charged
particles
Electron
configuration in hydrogen atom
Electron
configuration in helium atom
Electron
configuration in oxygen atom
How an atom emits
light
Flow of electrons in
a conductor and the resultant magnetic field
How oscillating
electrons in a conductor creates radio wave
Wireless energy
transfer
Magnetic resistance
Alignment of
electrons in a magnetic domain and the creation of magnetic field
Curie point
Exploring the line
spectrum of hydrogen
Elasticity of atoms
and heat transfer
Zeeman effect
Absorption spectrum
Emission spectrum
Band spectra
Mechanism of
reflection
Photoelectric effect
Thermionic emission
Compton effect
Pair production
Bond length and bond
energy
Reaction between two
hydrogen atoms with oxygen atom
Releasing of energy
in a bond making reaction
Absorption of energy
in a bond breaking reaction
Hydrogen molecule
Single bond nitrogen
molecule
Triple bond nitrogen
molecule
Mass defect
Reactions between one
proton and one neutron
Releasing of energy
in the fusion process
Absorption of energy
in the fission process
Calculation of
releasing of energy
One misunderstanding
about the nuclear fission reactions
Evidences for the
releasing and detonation of space matter in nuclear reactions
Space matter wind
Properties of space
matter
A method for
detecting space matter
Diagrams of space
matter detection and description
Electric field
Magnetic field
Magnetic line
propagation: - How the magnetic line is propagated?
Light propagation: -
How the light is propagated?
Why do radio waves
bend and light rays are not?
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